Boxwoods are popular shrubs used in gardens. But are they safe? No, they can be poisonous, but the risk is low for people.
This article explains boxwood poisoning, how it affects humans and animals, which parts are toxic, symptoms, and what to do if poisoning happens.
Are Boxwoods Toxic to People?
Boxwoods are mildly toxic. All parts have harmful chemicals like buxine. Eating the leaves may cause:
- Stomach problems: Pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
- Skin irritation: Rash from touching sap
- Serious effects (rare): Seizures, paralysis, death
Most cases are mild. A 9-month-old child who ate some leaves had no serious issues but was watched for stomach problems.
Even though boxwood is toxic, some people have used it in herbal medicine. But there is little proof it works, and it may cause slow heartbeat or stomach pain.
Are Boxwoods Toxic to Animals?
Boxwoods are more dangerous for animals, especially horses and cows. They have toxic oils and chemicals that can harm pets and livestock. Dogs and cats can also get sick if they eat a lot.
Different animals react differently:
| Animal | Symptoms |
|---|---|
| Dogs | Vomiting, diarrhea, seizures, trouble breathing |
| Cats | Vomiting, diarrhea, tiredness |
| Horses | Colic, diarrhea, breathing problems, seizures, possible death |
| Livestock | Diarrhea, dehydration, seizures, possible death |
| Poultry | Convulsions, breathing problems |
Toxicity depends on how much is eaten, the animal’s size, and sensitivity.
Which Parts of Boxwood Are Poisonous?
All parts of the plant are toxic—leaves, bark, roots, and fruit. The leaves and bark are the most harmful. Even touching the sap can irritate the skin.
Toxicity may vary by plant type, so proper identification is important.
Signs of Boxwood Poisoning
Symptoms depend on the amount eaten and the species affected. Watch for:
- Stomach issues: Vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain
- Nervous system issues: Seizures, tremors, dizziness, confusion
- Breathing problems: Difficulty breathing
- Skin reactions: Rashes, redness, itching
- Other signs: Weakness, dehydration, drooling (in animals)
If poisoning is suspected, get medical help right away.
Treatment and Recovery
If an animal eats boxwood, quick vet care is crucial. Treatment may include:
- Check-up: Examining heart rate, breathing, and temperature
- Lab tests: Checking blood and urine for damage
- Scans: Looking for plant pieces in the stomach
- Toxin removal: Inducing vomiting, using activated charcoal
- Supportive care: IV fluids, oxygen, medicine for seizures
What to Do If Someone Eats Boxwood
If you think someone or a pet ate boxwood:
- Call for help. For people, call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222. For pets, call the Pet Poison Hotline at (855) 764-7661.
- Give details. Share what part of the plant was eaten and any symptoms.
- Follow instructions. Don’t try home treatments without advice.
- For pets, bring a plant sample to the vet.
Conclusion
Boxwoods look nice but have toxins that can be harmful. People usually have mild symptoms, but animals—especially livestock—are at greater risk. Every part of the plant is toxic, and even touching it can cause irritation.
To stay safe, handle boxwoods carefully and keep kids and pets away. If poisoning happens, fast medical care can prevent serious problems. With caution, boxwoods can be enjoyed safely.