Elderberries are great for humans. They are used in jams, jellies, and wine. But can dogs eat them? No. Elderberries are bad for dogs. They can make your dog sick or even cause death. Elderberry plants have toxins that harm dogs. Keep them away from your dog.
Why Are Elderberries Bad for Dogs?
Elderberries come from the Sambucus plant. The plant has cyanogenic glycosides in its leaves, stems, roots, and unripe berries. When a dog eats any part of the elderberry, the glycosides break down into cyanide. Cyanide is very dangerous. It stops the body from using oxygen, which can cause serious health problems.
Different types of elderberries have different levels of toxins.
- Black Elderberry (Sambucus nigra): The ripe berries are okay for humans, but the unripe ones and other parts of the plant are still toxic.
- Red Elderberry (Sambucus racemosa): Used in elderberry wine. The berries should only be eaten if cooked or fermented.
- Blue Elderberry: The berries are safe when ripened but should be cooked or fermented.
- “Sutherland Gold” Elderberry: This red elderberry is toxic, even when ripe.
Even ripe elderberries are risky for dogs. A berry that seems ripe might still be dangerous.
Cyanide is toxic in only two milligrams per kilogram of a dog’s weight. Elderberries have more cyanide than apple seeds, which makes them even more harmful.
Elderberry Products and Dogs
Elderberry comes in many forms:
- Elderberry gummies: These may be okay for humans but often have too much sugar for dogs.
- Elderberry wine: Never give this to dogs. Alcohol is toxic.
- Elderberry syrup: Some syrups may be safe but should only be given with a vet’s approval.
- Elderberry extract: Dogs can have this, but it must be a good product.
Be careful with elderberry products. Always check with your vet before giving them to your dog.
How to Prevent Poisoning
The best way to stop elderberry poisoning is to keep your dog away from elderberry bushes. Watch out when walking your dog in places where elderberries grow. Teach your dog to avoid eating plants or berries. If you have elderberry bushes, fence them off or use a bitter spray to keep your dog from eating them.
Signs of Poisoning in Dogs
Symptoms may appear within 15-20 minutes and can be deadly in less than an hour. Look for:
Stomach Problems:
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Loss of appetite
Brain Problems:
- Tiredness
- Seizures
- Shaking
- Coma
Breathing and Heart Issues:
- Trouble breathing
- Fast heart rate
Other Symptoms:
- Drooling
- Dilated pupils
- Cherry red blood
- Bitter almond smell on the breath
- Sudden death
If your dog eats elderberries, call the vet right away. Don’t wait for symptoms.
What to Do if Your Dog Eats Elderberries
Call your vet or the Pet Poison Helpline. Quick treatment is the best chance for your dog’s survival.
Treatment for poisoning often includes cyanide antidotes. Your dog may also need fluids and oxygen. Only a vet can safely treat elderberry poisoning.
Safe Alternatives to Elderberries
Here are safe fruits for dogs:
- Blueberries: Full of antioxidants and vitamins.
- Cranberries: Good for the immune system.
- Strawberries: Rich in vitamin C and antioxidants.
- Raspberries: Full of fiber and vitamins.
- Blackberries: Great for fiber and vitamins.
Always give new foods in small amounts to avoid stomach issues.
Though elderberries might help some dogs, they are too dangerous. If you want to try elderberry products, ask your vet first.